A bistable relay, also known as a dual-state or latching relay, is an electromechanical switch designed to maintain its position without requiring continuous power. Unlike traditional relays that consume energy as long as they are active, bistable relays are energy-efficient because they only need a short pulse of electricity to switch states and retain that state until another pulse is received. This article delves into the mechanics, characteristics, and widespread applications of bistable relays in modern electrical systems.

What is a Bistable Relay? A bistable relay is a device that has two stable states： one representing an “ON” condition and the other an “OFF” condition. These states are maintained without the need for continuous current, making the bistable relay ideal for low-power applications. The relay is typically used in systems where it is necessary to switch between two conditions, such as in control circuits or memory storage, with minimal energy consumption. The working principle behind the bistable relay is based on electromagnetism. It uses an electromagnetic coil and a mechanical switch to toggle between two positions. The relay remains in the selected position until another electrical signal is applied to change its state. This mechanism is different from traditional relays, which require power to be continuously supplied in order to maintain the relay’s position.