A relay is an electrically operated switch, and relay circuits are often used for controlling high-power devices using a low-power signal. The basic design of a relay circuit typically involves:

Key Components: Relay: The primary component that contains an electromagnet, switch contacts, and a spring mechanism. When current passes through the coil, it creates a magnetic field that moves the switch. Control Circuit: The low-power circuit (like a microcontroller or switch) that triggers the relay. Load: The high-power device that will be turned on or off by the relay (e.g., motors, lights). Power Source: The electrical power that drives the load. This is typically a higher voltage or current than the control circuit. Basic Relay Circuit: Relay Coil: The relay has a coil of wire, which, when energized, creates a magnetic field that pulls the switch, closing or opening the contacts.