Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least

within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is

suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his

revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious

desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of

them as just “mental noise” — the random byproducts of the neural-repair work

that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the

mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And

one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be

not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us

sleep and feel better, “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of

psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”

　　Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active

during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep — when most vivid dreams occur — as it

is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.

But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the

“emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center

of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy

or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep

researcher Dr. William Dement.

　　The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in

Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the

night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they

are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our

conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the

emotional significance of the day’s events — until, it appears, we begin to

dream.

　　And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes

one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you

awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like

it to end instead; the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to

control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in

their sleep.

　　At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to

our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,”

Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of

insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent

nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has

its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep — or rather dream — on it and

you’ll feel better in the morning.

　　31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.

　　[A] can be modified in their courses

　　[B] are susceptible to emotional changes

　　[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears(A)

　　[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs

　　32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show

________.

　　[A] its function in our dreams

　　[B] the mechanism of REM sleep

　　[C] the relation of dreams to emotions(C)

　　[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex

　　33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to ________.

　　[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind

　　[B] develop into happy dreams

　　[C] persist till the time we fall asleep(D)

　　[D] show up in dreams early at night

　　34. Cartwright seems to suggest that ________.

　　[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams

　　[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control

　　[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression(D)

　　[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious

　　35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had

dreams?

　　[A] Lead your life as usual.

　　[B] Seek professional help.

　　[C] Exercise conscious control.(A)

　　[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.

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　　Automotive Applications, and END-Use Parts Ranging from Machine Tool Bases to Marine Structures and More.

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　　Part Cycle time. ""

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